语法填空解题技巧
Teaching aims:
Teaching difficult points:
Enable the students to know some skills about Grammatical cloze and to deal with it.
Step 1 Teaching tasks
Task 1: Brief introduction
Task 2: Discover some skills
括号内给出动词的原型,做题时首先找出句子的主干,确定主句,如果缺谓语,就要根据上下文语境和意思确定动词的数、时态、语态和语气。
现在:一般现在,一般将来,现在进行、现在完成。
过去:一般过去,过去进行,过去将来,过去完成。
2、时间、条件、等状语从句中动词的时态(主将从现)(if/unless/as soon as/after/before/when 等);
3. 时态标志;
4. 时态一致性原则;
5. 上下文语境:
Step 2 Exercise
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Australia 1 (lie)in the smallest continent—Oceania大洋洲. It is a mainly dry country, whose big cities lie on the southeast coast. This is 2 most Australians live. The centre of the continent, which is mainly desert and dry grassland, has few 3 (settlement).
Australia is a popular destination attracting many tourists 4 (come)to experience its unique ecology, so efficient transport is of great importance. With the economy 5 (grow), its industries develop 6 (rapid)—a higher level of production, a wider range of products.
Although Australian states are autonomous, it has a federal government 7 (responsibility)for matters that affect people all over the country. The federal government is 8 (locate)in Canberra. Therepresentatives of other countries have their embassies 大使馆here. Australia wants to strengthen relations with her neighbors.
Australia is 9 strange land, a land of vast expanses-fertile肥沃的、富饶的 valleys, snow fields and deserts-also a land with unique animals, many of which can not 10 (find)on any other continent in the world.
解析:【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚的地理位置、人文环境和政治情况等。
1.【答案】lies
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,主语为Australia,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填lies。句意:澳大利亚位于最小的大陆——大洋洲。
2.【答案】where
【解析】考查表语从句。空处引导表语从句,从句缺少地点状语,需用连接副词where引导。故填where。句意:这是大多数澳大利亚人居住的地方。
3.【答案】settlements
【解析】考查词形转换(名词复数)。settlement是可数名词,few后面需加名词复数形式。故填settlements。句意:大陆的中心地带主要是沙漠和干草原,几乎没有定居点。
4.【答案】to come
【解析】考查非谓语动词。attract sb. to do sth.吸引某人做某事,空处需填动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to come。句意:澳大利亚是一个很受欢迎的旅游目的地,吸引了很多游客来体验它独特的生态,所以高效的交通非常重要。
5.【答案】growing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法,空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语,the economy和grow为主谓关系,需填现在分词形式。故填growing。
6.【答案】rapidly
【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。空处修饰动词develop,需填副词作状语。故填rapidly。句意:随着经济的增长,中国的工业发展迅速——生产水平更高,产品种类更广。
7.【答案】responsible
【解析】考查词性转换(形容词)。be responsible for为固定短语,意为“为……负责”,此处需用形容词短语作后置定语,修饰名词government,故填responsible。句意:虽然澳大利亚各州都是自治的,但它有一个联邦政府,负责影响全国各地人民的事。
8.【答案】located
【解析】考查动词短语。be located in位于,故填located。句意:联邦政府位于堪培拉。
9.【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。land为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且strange发音以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
10.【答案】be found
【解析】考查被动语态。can为情态动词,后面需加动词原形,which指代animals,和find为被动关系,需用被动语态。故填be found。句意:澳大利亚是一块奇怪的土地,一片广袤的土地——肥沃的山谷、雪原和沙漠——也是一块拥有独特动物的土地,其中许多动物在世界上任何其他大陆上都找不到。
Step 3 Conclusion
The teacher helps the students to make a conclusion.
Step 4 Homework
To find some exercise about Grammatical cloze and finish it by yourself.
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